Summary

Muna 2021, zvepambabhatiri rekuchengetedza simbakutakura kuchasvika 48GWh, gore negore kuwedzera kwe2.6 nguva.

Sezvo China yakakurudzira iyo mbiri kabhoni chinangwa muna 2021, kuvandudzwa kwemaindasitiri emagetsi matsva semhepo nemhepo.kuchengetedza kwezuva uye simba idzvamota dzave kuchinja zuva rega rega.Senzira yakakosha yekuzadzisa iyo mbiri kabhoni chinangwa, yepambakuchengetedza simbaichaunzawo nguva yegoridhe yemitemo nekuvandudzwa kwemusika.Muna 2021, nekuda kwekukwira kwakaiswa kugona kwemhiri kwemakungwasimba rekuchengetedza simbazviteshi uye mutemo wekutungamira wemhepo yemumba uyekuchengetedza simba rezuva, kuchengetedzwa kwesimba repamba kuchawana kukura kunoputika.

Maererano nenhamba kubva kuLithium BatteryResearch Institute yeHigh-tech Industrial Research Institute, yepambabhatiri rekuchengetedza simbakutakura kuchasvika 48GWh muna 2021, gore negore kuwedzera kwe2.6 nguva;simba ripibhatiri rekuchengetedza simbakutakura kuchave 29GWh, gore-pa-gore kuwedzera kwe4.39 nguva zvichienzaniswa ne6.6GWh muna 2020.

Panguva imwecheteyo, thekuchengetedza simbaindasitiri iri kutarisana nematambudziko mazhinji munzira: muna 2021, mutengo wepamusoro welithium mabhatiriyakakwira uye huwandu hwekugadzira bhatiri hwave hwakasimba, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwemitengo yehurongwa pane kudonha;zvemumba nekune dzimwe nyikalithium bhatiri simba rekuchengetedzazviteshi zvemagetsi zvakambobata moto uye zvinoputika, izvo zvakachengeteka Njodzi hadzigoni kupedzwa zvachose;mhando dzemabhizinesi epamba hadzina kukura zvakakwana, mabhizinesi haadi kuisa mari, uye kuchengetedza kwesimba "kurema kuvaka pamusoro pekushanda", uye chiitiko chezvisina basa chinowanzoitika;simba rekuchengetedza simba rekugadzirisa nguva inowanzoita maawa maviri, uye chikamu chepamusoro-chepamusoro-soro yemhepo uye magetsi emagetsi ezuva akabatanidzwa ku4 Kudiwa kwekuchengetedza simba kwenguva refu kweawa iri kuwedzera uye nekukurumidzira ...

Iyo yakajairika ratidziro yeakasiyana ratidziro yesimba rekuchengetedza tekinoroji, chikamu cheyakaiswa simba reiyo isiri-lithium-ion simba rekuchengetedza tekinoroji inotarisirwa kuwedzera.

Kuenzaniswa nemitemo yapfuura, "Implementation Plan" yakanyora zvakawanda nezvekudyara uye kuratidzwa kweakasiyana.kuchengetedza simbamatekinoroji, uye akataura zvakajeka magadzirirwo enzira dzakasiyana dzehunyanzvi dzakadai sesodium-ion mabhatiri, lead-carbon mabhatiri, kuyerera mabhatiri, uye hydrogen (ammonia) simba rekuchengetedza.Dhizaini yekutsvaga.Chechipiri, nzira dzehunyanzvi dzakadai se100-megawatt yakadzvanywa simba rekuchengetedza mweya, 100-megawatt inoyerera bhatiri, sodium ion, solid-state.lithium-ion bhatiri,uye liquid simbi bhatiri ndiwo akakosha mafambiro ehunyanzvi hwekutsvaga michina mukuchengetedza simbaindasitiri panguva yeChirongwa cheMakore mashanu.

Kazhinji, "Implementation Plan" inojekesa misimboti yekusimudzira yezvakajairwa asi zvakapatsanurwa kuratidza kwakasiyana-siyana.kuchengetedza simbatekinoroji nzira, uye inongotaura chinangwa chekuronga chekudzikisa mitengo yehurongwa neanopfuura 30% muna 2025. Izvi zvinopa kodzero yekusarudza nzira chaiyo kune vatambi vemusika, uye kusimudzira kweramangwana rekuchengetedza simba kuchava mutengo- uye musika- zvinoda-oriented.Panogona kuva nezvikonzero zviviri shure kwekuumbwa kwemitemo.

Kutanga, kukwira kwemitengo yelithium mabhatiriuye kukwira kumusoro kwezvigadzirwa uye kusakwana kwekugadzira kugadzirwa muna 2021 zvakafumura njodzi dzinogona kuitika dzekunyanya kuvimba nenzira imwechete yehunyanzvi: kukurumidza kuburitswa kwedhaka remvura kudiwa kwemotokari nyowani dzesimba, mavhiri maviri, uye kuchengetedza kwesimba kwakonzera kukwira kumusoro. mitengo uye kukwanisa kupa.Kusakwana, zvichikonzera kuchengetedza kwesimba uye mamwe maapplication ezasi "kubata simba rekugadzira, kubata mbishi zvinhu".Chechipiri, hupenyu chaihwo hwezvigadzirwa zve lithium battery hahuna nguva refu, dambudziko remoto uye kuputika kunowanzoitika, uye nzvimbo yekuderedza mari yakaoma kugadzirisa munguva pfupi, iyo inoitawo kuti isakwanise kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvesimba rose. kuchengetedza zvikumbiro.Nekuvakwa kwemasisitimu emagetsi matsva, kuchengetedza kwesimba kuchave chinhu chakakosha chesimba idzva, uye kudiwa kwemagetsi epasirese kungangopinda munguva yeTWh.Iyo yazvino yekugovera level yelithium mabhatiri haigone kusangana nezvinodiwakuchengetedza simbamasisitimu emagetsi matsva mune ramangwana.

Yechipiri ndeyekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza kwedzimwe nzira dzehunyanzvi, uye mamiriro ehunyanzvi ekuratidzira einjiniya ave kuwanikwa.Tora mvura inoyerera simba rekuchengetedza yakasimbiswa muImplementation Plan semuenzaniso.Kuenzaniswa nemabhatiri e-lithium-ion, mabhatiri ekuyerera haana shanduko yechikamu mukuita maitiro, anogona kubhadhariswa zvakadzika uye kuburitswa, uye anogona kumirisana nekuchaja kwakanyanya uye kubuda.Chinhu chakanyanya kucherechedzwa chemabhatiri ekuyerera ndechekuti hupenyu hwekutenderera hwakareba zvakanyanya, hushoma hunogona kuita 10,000 nguva, uye dzimwe nzira dzehunyanzvi dzinogona kusvika kanopfuura ka20,000, uye hupenyu hwese hwesevhisi hunogona kusvika makore makumi maviri kana kupfuura, izvo zvakanyanya. akakodzera hukuru-hukururenewable energy.Nzvimbo yekuchengetedza magetsi.Kubva 2021, Datang Group, State Power Investment Corporation, China General Nuclear Power uye mamwe mapoka ekugadzira magetsi akaburitsa hurongwa hwekuvakwa kwe100-megawatt inoyerera bhatiri simba rekuchengetedza magetsi zviteshi.Chikamu chekutanga chekuchengetedza simbapeak shavingchiteshi chemagetsipurojekiti yapinda muchikamu chimwe chete chekumisikidza, zvichiratidza kuti bhatiri rekuyerera rine mukana weiyo 100-megawatt yekuratidzira tekinoroji.

Kubva pakuona kwekukura kwetekinoroji,lithium-ion mabhatirivachiri mberi kwevamweitsva simba storagesmaererano nechiyero chekuita uye kutsigirwa kwemaindasitiri, saka pane mukana wakakura wekuti ivo vachiri ivo vanonyanya kuve vevatsvakuchengetedza simbakuiswa mumakore anotevera 5-10.Nekudaro, iyo mhedziso chiyero uye chidimbu chikamu cheiyo isiri-lithium-ion simba rekuchengetedza nzira inotarisirwa kuwedzera.Dzimwe nzira dzehunyanzvi, dzakadai sesodium-ion mabhatiri, mweya wakamanikidzwakuchengetedza simba, mabhatiri e-lead-carbon, uye mabhatiri e-simbi-air, anotarisirwa kuwedzera mumutengo wekutanga wekutsvaga mari, kWh mutengo, kuchengeteka, nezvimwewo.lithium-ion mabhatiri.

Tichitarisa pamamiriro ekushandisa, kudiwa kwenguva refu kwesimba rekuchengetedza simba kunotarisirwa kuwana budiriro yemhando yepamusoro.

Zvinoenderana nenguva yekuchengetera simba, simba rekuchengetedza simba rekushandisa zvimiro zvinogona kukamurwa kuita yenguva pfupi yekuchengetedza simba (<1 awa), yepakati uye yakareba-yakareba simba rekuchengetedza (1-4 maawa), uye yenguva refu yekuchengetedza simba (≥4 maawa, uye dzimwe nyika dzekunze dzinotsanangura ≥8 maawa) ) mapoka matatu.Parizvino, mashandisirwo emagetsi emumba anonyanya kutariswa mukuchengetedza simba kwenguva pfupi uye yepakati uye yenguva refu yekuchengetedza simba.Nekuda kwezvinhu zvakaita semitengo yekudyara, tekinoroji uye mhando dzebhizinesi, musika wenguva refu wekuchengetedza simba uchiri mudanho rekurima.

Panguva imwecheteyo, nyika dzakabudirira dzinosanganisira United States neUnited Kingdom dzakaburitsa nhevedzano yerubatsiro rwemitemo uye zvirongwa zvehunyanzvi zvenguva refu yekuchengetedza simba tekinoroji, kusanganisira iyo "Energy Storage Grand Challenge Roadmap" yakapihwa neUnited States Dhipatimendi reMagetsi. , uye zvirongwa zveDhipatimendi reBusiness, Energy and Industrial Strategy reUnited Kingdom.Kugovera £68 miriyoni kutsigira chirongwa chekuratidzira chenzira yenyika yenguva refu yekuchengetedza simba rekuchengetedza.Pamusoro pevakuru vakuru vehurumende, masangano akazvimirira oga ari mhiri kwemakungwa ari kutora matanho ari mushishi kuita sekanzuru yekuchengetera magetsi kwenguva refu.Sangano iri rakavambwa ne25 hofori dzepasi rose dzesimba, tekinoroji, uye zvekushandisa veruzhinji zvinosanganisira Microsoft, BP, Siemens, zvichingodaro, uye inovavarira kuendesa 85TWh-140TWh yekugara kwenguva refu ekuchengetedza magetsi pasi rose panosvika 2040, nekudyara kweUS$1.5 mabhiriyoni matatu kusvika ku3.Dollar.

Academician Zhang Huamin weDahua Institute yeChinese Academy yeScience akataura kuti mushure megore ra2030, muhurongwa hutsva hwemagetsi epamba, chikamu chesimba rinodzokororwa chakabatana negridi chichawedzerwa zvakanyanya, uye basa resimba remagetsi peak regulation uye frequency regulation. ichaendeswa kune magetsi ekuchengetedza magetsi.Mumamiriro ekunze anoramba achinaya, nekuda kwekudzikiswa kwakakosha kwesimba rakaiswa remagetsi emagetsi ekupisa, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye kugadzikana magetsi emagetsi matsva, maawa maviri-4 chete enguva yekuchengetedza simba haigone kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa simba zero-carbon society zvachose, uye zvinotora nguva yakareba.Thesimba rekuchengetedza magetsi chiteshiinopa simba rinodiwa nemutoro wegridi.

Iyi "Implementation Plan" inoshandisa inki yakawanda kusimbisa tsvakurudzo uye purojekiti yekuratidzira kwenguva refu yekuchengetedza simba teknolojia: "Kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafomu akasiyana-siyana ekuchengetedza simba.Yakasanganiswa nemamiriro ezviwanikwa ematunhu akasiyana uye kudiwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzesimba, kusimudzira kuchengetedza kwesimba kwenguva refu, Kuvakwa kwemapurojekiti matsva ekuchengetedza simba senge hydrogen simba rekuchengetedza, kupisa (kutonhora) kuchengetedza kwesimba, nezvimwe zvinosimudzira budiriro. yemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuchengetedza simba., Iron-chromium inoyerera bhatiri, zinc-Australia inoyerera bhatiri uye mamwe maindasitiri maapplication", "Renewable simba rekugadzira hydrogen kuchengetedza (ammonia), hydrogen-magetsi coupling uye mamwe akaomarara ekuchengetedza simba kuratidzira maapplication".Zvinotarisirwa kuti panguva yechigumi nemana yeChirongwa cheMakore mashanu, danho rekusimudzira renzvimbo yakakura-yenguva yakareba yekuchengetedza simba maindasitiri senge hydrogen (ammonia) ekuchengetedza simba, kuyerera.mabhatiriuye mhepo yakamanikidzwa yepamberi ichasimuka zvakanyanya.

Tarisa pakugadzirisa matambudziko akakosha mu smart control tekinoroji, uye kubatanidzwa kweruzivo uye tekinoroji yekutaurirana uye hardware inotarisirwa kukurumidza, izvo zvichabatsira yakazara simba sevhisi indasitiri.

Kare, dhizaini yemagetsi echinyakare yaive yeyakajairwa cheni chimiro, uye magetsi ekupa uye simba rekutakura manejimendi zvakaonekwa nekutumirwa kwepakati.Muhurongwa hutsva hwemagetsi, kugadzirwa kwesimba idzva ndiko kuburitsa kukuru.Kuwedzera kushata padivi rekubuda kunoita kuti zvisaite kudzora uye kufanotaura nemazvo pane zvinodiwa, uye kukanganisa kwekushandiswa kwesimba kunokonzerwa nekukurumbira kukuru kwemotokari dzemagetsi matsva uye kuchengetedza kwesimba padivi remutoro inokwidziridzwa.Chinhu chiri pachena ndechekuti gidhi remagetsi system yakabatana kune makuru akagoverwa masimba emagetsi uye inoshanduka yakananga ikozvino.Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, iyo yechinyakare yepakati yekutumira pfungwa inozoshandurwa kuita yakasanganiswa yekubatanidza sosi, network, mutoro uye kuchengetedza, uye inochinjika gadziriso modhi.Kuti uone shanduko, iyo digitization, informatization uye hungwaru hwese maficha esimba uye simba misoro yehunyanzvi isingagone kudziviswa.

Kuchengetedzwa kwemagetsi chikamu chesimba idzva rekuvaka mune ramangwana.Parizvino, kubatanidzwa kwehardware uye ruzivo uye tekinoroji yekutaurirana uye mamwe masoftware akanyanya kutariswa: zviteshi zvemagetsi zviripo hazvina kukwana kuchengetedza njodzi yekuongorora uye kutonga kwebhatiri manejimendi system, kutarisisa kwakawanda, kukanganisa data, kunonoka data, uye kurasikirwa kwedata.Kuonekwa data kukundikana;nzira yekunyatso kurongedza kuunganidza uye kutumira manejimendi emushandisi-parutivi simba rekuchengetedza simba zviwanikwa, zvichibvumira vashandisi kuwana mabhenefiti akawanda kuburikidza nemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi anotora chikamu mumusika wemagetsi kutengeserana;tekinoroji yeruzivo rwedhijitari senge data hombe, blockchain, cloud computing, uye simba rekuchengetedza midziyo Dhigirii rekubatanidza harina kudzika, kudyidzana pakati pesimba rekuchengetedza uye mamwe malink ari musimba remagetsi hakuna simba, uye tekinoroji uye modhi yekuongorora data uye migodhi. zvekuwedzera kukosha hazvina kukura.Nekuzivikanwa uye kukura kwesimba rekuchengetedza muChirongwa chegumi nemana cheMakore mashanu, iyo digitalization, ruzivo uye nehungwaru manejimendi zvinodiwa zvesimba rekuchengetedza masisitimu zvichasvika padanho rekukurumidzira.

Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, "Implementation Plan" yakaronga kuti hungwaru hwekutonga tekinoroji yekuchengetedza simba ichaonekwa seimwe yenzira nhatu dzakakosha dzekugadzirisa matambudziko akakosha emagetsi ekuchengetedza core tekinoroji nemidziyo panguva ye14th Five-Year Plan, iyo. kunyanya zvinosanganisira "centralized tackling key technologies of hombe-scale energy storage system cluster intelligent collaborative control"., ita tsvakiridzo pamusoro pekubatana kwekuunganidza kweakagoverwa emagetsi masisitimu ekuchengetedza, uye kutarisa kugadzirisa matambudziko ekugadzirisa grid anokonzerwa nehuwandu hwepamusoro hwekuwanikwa kwesimba idzva.Kuvimba nedata hombe, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, blockchain nemamwe matekinoroji, kuita akawanda-functional reuse rekuchengetedza simba, Tsvagiridzo pamatekinoroji akakosha muminda yekuda-padivi mhinduro, chaiwo masimba emagetsi, gore rekuchengetedza simba, uye musika- based transactions. "Iyo digitization, informatization uye hungwaru hwekuchengetera simba mune ramangwana zvinoenderana nekukura kwesimba rekuchengetedza yakangwara yekutumira tekinoroji muminda dzakasiyana.